Effect of Electronic Media on Children Essay Example for Free

Effect of Electronic Media on Children EssayThe media has demonstrated otentially profound make, both positive and negative, on childrens cognitive, social, and behavioral development. Considering the increasing exposure of children to newer forms of media, we decided to review the current literature on the effects of media on child health both in the western countries and India. It is widely accepted that media has profound influence on child health, including violence, obesity, tobacco and alcohol use, and risky sexual behaviors.Simultaneously, media may have some positive effects on child health. We need to find ways to optimize the role of edia in our society, taking advantage of their positive attributes and minimizing their negative ones. We need to understand give how to reverse the negative impact of media and make it more positive. Key words Media, Child, India. ne of the notable changes in our social environment in the 21st century has been the saturation of our cu lture and daily lives by the mass media.

How Do people make economic decisions Essay Example for Free

How Do quite a little make economic decisions EssayThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate how decision-making affects the economy and people. It is obvious that free markets exercise much better than communist markets. The decision making principals, according to this there are four decision making principals. In the first principal people get out trade off, they will give something up for another thing they want. Making decisions means people will have to trade one destination for another. The second decision is giving up something when they already had one thing. masses make trade off according to the economy.People have wants and needs and so they need to choose carefully how to spend their income and resources. Choosing and item will pull ahead and cost, it will also mean that the person will not have the benefit of the item he or she gave up. Third the margin is thought of in this step. When considering the margin people will take into consideration the marginal be nefit and yet then if it exceeds the marginal cost. Last, people will react to incentives. People will react to price and benefits associated with their decision. My example of buying my first home was based on marginal cost and marginal benefit.I was renting an apartment in California and rents seem to be going up because the economy going down. People were losing their homes due to foreclosure and had to live somewhere. House prices were going down and rents going up, there was no telling when they were going to stop. I did the math and figured my mortgage would be the same if not lower with some money down. The marginal cost would be greater up front in the form of cost associated with purchasing a home. However, my marginal benefit in the long term would be even greater.Therefore, if rent was cheaper now, I would have to pay more the longer I stay in that apartment. The marginal benefit to purchasing a home would be the same for the following 30 years. The only incentive that w ould have light-emitting diode me to make a different decision is if they guaranteed my rent for the next 30 years. The economics related to the decision making and the working of the economy can be demonstrated by me purchasing a tool for my job. When I purchase tools I get the benefit of making money based on my skill to fix the customers gas turbines.The economy benefits the store where I purchase the tool makes money. When I fix a gas turbine it allows the customer to pump and produce millions a dollars a day, and they sell the product and make money, in turn they sell the gas to customers which, get to work and make money. A market economy is a type of economic system in which the trading and exchange of goods, function and information takes place in a free market (Market Economy, 2010). These types of markets are governed by supply and demand. A centrally planned economy like Cuba and North Korea decision are made by the government.Mixed economies rely in the asseverate and the private sector to make decisions on the market economy and economic system. In a free market people purchase and sell services and goods. In this type of market people are free to interact. In a communist economy, such as Cuba and North Korea the government decides what needs to be produced and where to work. Decision can be based on marginal cost or marginal benefit there is no doubt that they are a huge part of the consumers decisions to purchase goods. Whether it is the cost of buying a home or just a simple meal people will always weigh the cost of goods.

Need for Power Essay Example for Free

Need for Power EssayThe need for power is just one part of McClellands acquired needs theory. The early(a) Parts of the Theory are Need for Achievement and Need for Affiliation. I would like to stay and write about part The need for Power.We lot begin little theory about this topic (The need for Power) in book organisational Behavior on page 101. There is A third study individual need is the need for power the desire to control ones environment, including financial, material, informational, and human resources. People vary greatly along this dimension. Some individuals overlook much time and energy seeking power, other avoid power if at all possible. People with a high need for power can be successful managers if three conditions are met. First, they must seek power for the betterment of the composition rather than for their own interest. Second, they must bugger off a middling low need for affiliation because fulfilling a individualised need for power may well alienat e others in the workplace. Third, they need plenty of self-control to adjudge their desire for power when it threatens to interfere with effective organizational or inter soulal relationship.Resources for this theory David McClelland and David H. Burnham, Power Is the Great motivator, Harward business Review, March-April 1976, pp. 100-110. Pinder, Work Motivation in Organizational Behavior, McClelland and Burnham, Power Is the Great Motivator.We can identified four stages at heart the power orientation1) Drawing inner strength from others being a loyal partner and serving the power of other masses 2) Strengthening oneself beginning to play the power game, collecting symbols of status, one-upmanship, trying to dominate situations 3) Self-assertiveness becoming to a greater extent pugnacious and trying to manipulate situations so as to use other people to achieve ones own targets 4) Acting as an instrument of higher authority identifying with about organization or authority system and employing the methods learnt in stages 2 and 3 but now being able to claim formal legitimacy.Blake and Mouton (1964) would brag the kind of person who maximizes this kind of approach as having the Authority Obedience style of management concentrating on maximizing production through the exercise of personal authority and power.Individuals with a high need for power exhibit a number of characteristics. These individuals tend to be more contentious. We can see in significant life that they are often elected to political offices (member of government etc.). These individuals are also more assertive when a part of in-group discussions. They are known for displaying risk-taking demeanor and they also tend to own more prestigious possessions such as expensive cars and credit cards. I think that this people tend to be and motif to be on public display.In examing the motive scores of over 50 managers of both high and low morale units in all sections of the aforementioned( prenominal) large company, we found that close of the managers over 70% were high in power motivation compared with men in general. This finding confirms the fact that power motivation is important for management. (Remember that as we use the term power motivation, it refers not to dictatorial behavior, but to a desire to have impact, to be strong and influential). The better managers, as judged by the morale of those working for them, tended to score even higher in power motivation. But the most important determing factor of high morale morose out not to be how their power motivation compared to their need to achieve but whether it was higher than their need to be liked. This relationship existed for 80% of the sales managers as compared with only 10% of the poorer managers. And the same held true for other managers in nearly all parts of the company.In the research, product development, and operations divisions, 73% of the better managers had a stronger need for power than a n eed to be liked (or what we term affiliation motive) as compared with only 22% of the poorer managers. Why should this be so? Sociologists have long argued that, for a bureaucracy to function effectively, those who manage it must be universalistic in applying rules. That is, if they make exceptions for the particular needs of individuals, the whole system bequeath break down.The manager with a high need for being liked is precisely the one who wants to stay on good terms with everybody, and, therefore, is the one most likely to make exceptions in terms of particular needs. If an employee asks for time off to stay home with a sick spouse to help look after the kids, the affiliative manager, feeling sorry for the person, agrees almost without thinking. (I am personally this kind of manager. I have a high need for being liked. I think that if people have a confidence in the manager he can do more things also not so popular and the people go away accept them and also him.)When Presi dent Ford remarked in pardoning ex-President Nixon that he had suffered enough, he was empathizing primarily with Nixons needs and feeling. Sociological theory and our data both argue, however, that the person whose need for affiliation is high does not make a good manager. This kind of person creates poor morale because he or she does not meet that other people in the office will tend to regard exceptions to the rules as unfairto themselves, just as many U.S. citizens felt it was unfair to let Richard Nixon off and punish others less involved than he was in the Watergate scandal.Advantages / disadvantages There are both positive and negative aspects in regards to the need for power. Being argumentative can be perceived as an ideal expression of ones opinion although it can also create threatening environments for those of a more compliant nature. Having an assertive manner in group discussions can make others feel as though one is dominating a discussion within the group. However, this individual may have a profound impact on the groups progress by assisting in accomplishing tasks more efficiently. Participating in risk-taking behavior can allow an individual to experience more radical events in their life, but sometimes risk-taking behavior can lead to undesirable consequences. Owning exuberant items tends to be costly, even though these possessions may make one feel good about themselves and their lives.My conclusionThe need for power is good if it is useful for organization and also if the manager can use some kind of humanity to the other. For manager figure is very important the confidence. The people (other) must confidence in him and then they will better in accept his conclusion.

The Joint Stock Company Or Organization Commerce Essay

The Joint Stock Company Or Organization Commerce EssayManagers. Without the presence of these parties the high society can non run properly. Shareholders are the soulfulness who profess share of stocks in an disposal. In another word, the single who hold one or more than one shares in the confederacy. They are also cognize as the stockholders. They have got rights to purchase and sell the share in or out the organization, rights to vote for the be on and has power to take what assets remains after evacuation of a federation. But they dont have rights to check the books of financial credit.Similarly, where as manager are the person who are the brain of an organization. All the success and failure of an organization depends upon the activities, ideas, knowledge, and run through of manger. In another word the person who use the direction skills to control overall organization is known as manager. The manager has got power to supervise the per stampance and handle works to t he lower members in an organization. Managers mainly focus to take touch in a competitive environment using antithetical kinds of resources like capital, human, natural, intellectual and intangible.Living together in same building performs lots of problems. Likewise no one wants to be small in think to business. The most obvious problem that occurs in company is conflict in disport between shareholder (principal) and manger (agent). This problem usually arises when both the parties tries to increase their benefits. Shareholder wants to see higher pay in the organization which in results they get dividends from it and manger wants to see higher revenue because more expenses can be made to gain benefit from them. For example if the company or shareholders said to manager to buy another building for business and manager can substantially increase the rate and take rest of the property as their benefits which is expenses for the company or shareholders but company does not real ise because it is in higher revenue. both the parties have different attitude towards risks too. Shareholders do not want to bear huge amount of loss in the organization so they invest money in many organization. So, when one company might go to ends then rest of the money are still safe. Therefore their financial securities are not threatened. But managers financial security depends upon how well is an organization is running.DiscussionAccording to the agency theory, the firm can be viewed as a nexus of constringe between resources holders. An agency relationship takes palace when the more than one individual known as principal and employ one or more than one other individual called agents, to do certain task in the organization. This theory shows that it creates primary problem in an organization i.e. self-interested behaviour. If the market and the labour are shortsighted outside the organization than the manger tries to increase their own benefit at the expenses of shareholder . Agents (manager) in the company knows more than the Principal (shareholders) so agents has got more chances in their own self-interest rather than the companys interest due to asymmetric information and insecurity. This theory also shows the principal agent relationship.Similarly, if the manager of a company own less(prenominal) than 100% of the organization common stock than the potential agency is formed. But if the company is sole proprietorship than the owner own self as a manager should manage to increase its benefits. So, following are reasons that create conflicts of interest that takeover between manager and the shareholdersProfit related payRise in share valueDirect interference by shareholderThreats of takeoverManagers can be more interested to take over the shareholders interest if shareholders did not monitor lizard and take certain action to them. To reduce these kinds of problems shareholder must bring agency cost. Agency costs are those cost made by shareholders to bring managers in the right track or in another word to encourage manager to maximize shareholders revenue rather than their own self-interest. In order to monitor the activities of managers following activities should be done likePerformance based motivation plansThe threat of firingThe threat of takeoverControlling undesirable managerial behavioursProper accountingsBudget maximizingCodes of ethicsDisclosureShareholders should always be attentive towards the manager behaviour and activities because managers have better information of company than the shareholder so they can cleverly temp to use the firms assets of their own end. Some inactive share holders will go along with whatever management wants, some active shareholders have tried to influence management, but they often met with defeat. So, the pros and cons of this statement are as followsPROSFlexible in capital market If the company is incorporate than the investors can be easily attract because stacks ability to issue share is a strong point to sell those who wants to invest in the business. So the capital is easily access in the market.Power formation Corporate or joint stock company has got power structure and management form shareholders, managers, Board of directors. Each of them has got their own rights, duties and responsibilities which help to keep organization in control.Owner have limited liability According to the legal philosophy the corporation is a separate business. Members of corporate company cannot be held personally until the legal formalities are completed. So the owners are protected from legal liability.Infinite life corporate company has got infinite life unless the company goes to bankrupt or unless it is compound by other company or people.CONSCost and time Running these kinds of corporation organization it consume lots of cost and time which is not a good aspect of an organization. Similarly having the problems between shareholder and manger can create huge problems whil e preparing different legal documents and fees must be paid to the secretary of state office.Follow lots of legal formalities According to law a corporate company is a separate entity, independent of owners where different corporate formalities should be ensured. The formalities like handling regular meeting, property records of activities, financial records etc.Double Taxation In this kind of corporation the shareholders are exposed to pay double taxation. It means that corporation itself is taxed from the any profit of the business earned plus the any other shareholder who earns profit in the form of dividend is also taxed.Similarly the board of directors are the person who lead and control overall organization using their skills, experience and knowledge. They also act as a link between the manger and the shareholders. The board of directors main propose is to certify the companys success by observe the companies affairs and providing appropriate interest to shareholders and s takeholders. The roles of board of directors are shaping the companys aim and plans, monitoring, handling meeting with effective objectives, solve the financial issues. They are the individual who are been elected by the board of members. They are also sometimes known as board of trustees, board of governors, board of manager.There are different duties that the board of directors should follow in the corporate company which are described belowFiduciary duty Under the fiduciary duty the board of directors enhance the firms profitability, avoid conflict between the share holders and the managers, act as a good belief in the best interest of the company.Duty of care under this section the board of directors do what a normal wise person would do under same position. Using skills, knowledge, experience the directors takes good decisions. Business judgements rules are held.Duty of loyalty and fair dealing in this section the board of directors realizes a decisions which act in the inte rest of company beside acting interest of owner which means interest of shareholders are given first priority. It is often called as self-dealing transactions.Duty of disclosure Under this section the disclosure to shareholders are provided in two cases i.e. when shareholders are asked to vote and when there is conflict of interest transaction.So, those were the duties of board of directors to make a balance in the organization and to monitor the different activities of manger and to control the problems in conflict of interest between shareholders and mangers. It is an important aspect of good corporate governance that board will, in its turn, be accountable to shareholder and provide them with relevant information so that good decision can take place.CONCLUSIONCorporate governance is just as related to a family-owned business as to one with a diverse shareholders support, and just as related to a public limited company as to a state-owned enterprise. Whatever is the form of busin ess but the good corporate governance organization helps to make a business long-lasting controlling its intrinsic disputes, management structures, performance of a organization, plans and policies and complete reflection of shareholder and manger interest.Similarly, it can be clearly seen from the above discussion that the board of directors can make a huge contribution between the principal and agent problem. To control such conflict of interest between shareholders and managers the board of directors should use the leadership skills and the monitoring power in the corporate governance or Joint Stock Company.

Detection of Impurities in Nd Doped Phosphate Laser Glass

Detection of Impurities in Nd Doped Phosphate laser GlassDetection of the impurities in Nd doped phosphate laser ice rink by x-ray fluorescence techniqueAtul Kumar*, M. P. Kamath, A. S. Joshi, P. A. Naik, P. D. GuptaLaser Plasma DivisionA. K. Singh, M. K. TiwariIndus Synchrotrons consumption DivisionRaja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, M.P., India*Email emailprotectedIntroductionThe advances in laser crosspatch composition and manufacturing pick up enabled the development of third generation high up energy high power (HEHP) lasers like the National Ignition facility (NIF)1 that be being used as drivers for fusion energy studies. These laser render are phosphate based because of their low intensity dependent refractive index n2 and have a compositions equivalent to LHG-8 of M/s Hoya, Japan or LG-770 glass of M/s Schott Ltd2. The manufacturing and handling procedures introduce many unwanted impurities in these glasses, leading to depress laser induced dam age threshold and lower fluorescence life time. The x-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a powerful technique3 which can identify the elemental composition of such glasses in a non-destructive manner. In the XRF process, the specimen is harebrained with high energy photons, which can cause individual atoms to ionize. When these atoms undergo relaxation, the electrons relocate from a high energy orbital to a lower one. During this process, fluorescence actin another(prenominal)apy is emitted. The emitted radiation has lower energy compared to the incident source and it depends on the specific electron transitions of the individual elements. Thus, the resulting x-ray fluorescence spectrum bears the signature of the elements present in the specimen.In the present resume, we have performed XRF analysis on divergent laser glass samples and crude bodilys used for the fabrication of these glasses namely aluminum metaphosphate (AMP), barium metaphosphate (BMP) and potassium metaphosphate (KMP ). The advantage of the this study is that it can indicate to the presence of most of the impurities like transition metal impurities (of interest to us) in one measurement, if their concentrations are of the order of few ppm (by weight) or more. Our studies on the glasses and the raw materials indicate that the raw materials are pure to the desired levels but the glasses fabricated using the raw materials show many impurities. These impurities are expected to enter during handling of the raw materials and from the glass-cullet during fabrication process. This study will help in improving the quality of the glass by repeatedly doing the XRF analysis after every stage, so that faulty handling can be identified.Method of fabrication of the phosphate laser glassA two progress HEHP Ndphosphate glass laser chain is operational at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT), Indore4. A joint collaborative realise is undertaken with Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (C GCRI), Kolkata to develop the process technology for the fabrication of the phosphate laser glasses equivalent to LHG-8 glass of M/s Hoya, to overcome the existing embargo. The phosphate laser glass is fabricated as a two step process. In the first step, the sintered raw material (AMP, BMP and KMP and Nd2O3 in appropriate fractions) is melted in a silicon oxide crucible. The glass-cullet produced as a result of run in the silica crucible is mould. The cast glass is powdered and loaded in a bottom pouring platinum crucible for optical quality, and chemical and physical homogenization. During these steps in the fabrication, the impurities whitethorn be added to the glass at several stages, namely a) mixing of the raw materials, b) impurities coming from the silica crucible, c) impurities coming from the glass-cullet cast, d) impurities coming from the platinum crucible, e) impurities coming during annealing and charming annealing of the glass.Six samples of laser glass (named LG -1 to LG-6) were fabricated at CGCRI for the studies. XRF analysis was done on different fabricated samples of laser glasses (LG-1 to LG-6) and raw material samples made from AMP, BMP and KMP, to identify the elemental impurities in laser glass and raw materials. In addition to this, the sensitivity of the XRF technique was also ascertained using broken amounts of platinum deliberately added to the glass samples.Experiments and MethodologyXRF analysis was performed at the BL-16 beamline of Indus-2 synchrotron facility5 on fabricated glass samples and the raw materials after the first step of melting in silica crucible. The glasses had platinum oxide dissolved in them because of its solubility in the laser glass. Platinum comes into the glass as an unavoidable impureness during homogenization of the glass in the platinum crucible. Metallic platinum absorbs at the lasing wavelength (1054 nm) and reduces the laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the laser glass. Oxygen bubbling is done in platinum crucible to reduce the OH bond impurity in the hygroscopic phosphate glass. The oxygen bubbling also oxidizes the platinum metal to its oxide, thereby reducing the argentiferous platinum in the glass. The other impurities occur because of the poor quality of the silica crucible and/or cast of glass-cullet in addition to poor handling during the mixing of the raw materials in the first step of melting.The glasses with different amounts of platinum oxide were LG-1(5 ppm Pt), LG-2 (10 ppm Pt), LG-3(25 ppm Pt), LG-4 (5 ppm Pt with O2 bubbling), LG-5 (10 ppm Pt with O2 bubbling) and LG-6 (25 ppm Pt with O2 bubbling). Varying platinum oxide content helped in ascertaining the sensitivity of the technique to Pt impurity. In the experiment, an x-ray beam was incident on sample for excitation and scattered spectrum was recorded by the detector shown in Fig. 1. The samples were unbalanced using 14 keV and 17 keV synchrotron x-rays, selected by a double-crystal monochromator system. The analyses have been done on all the raw powder materials (for qualitative analysis) and on the pallets (for quantitative analysis). 15 mm dia. pallets were formed using a semi-automatic pallet machine. One such pallet is shown in sample holder in Fig. 1.Figure 1 barren specimens analyzed by XRF measurementsThe captured data was analyzed using the PyMCA software 6. The calibration of the measured fluorescence spectrum was achieved by selecting the K lines of various elements present in the laser glass samples, and in the raw material samples. The order of spectrum calibration however needs a proper comparison with a standard doped sample as a confirmatory test to account for the variation in the actual composition of the fabricated laser glass samples and that measured with XRF. In the present study, XRF method was used to qualitatively see the presence of different impurities, strictly from the yes/no point of view, rather than the full quantitative estimation.Results and discussionFigure 2 shows a typical spectrum of the fabricated LG-1 glasses and the raw material BMP. The impurities plant in the fabricated glasses are listed in Table 1. The silicon impurity occurs because of melting in silica crucible. Sr impurity seen in BMP as Ba and Sr are chemically close to each other. For the same reason, Rb impurity was found in KMP. However, there no impurities were seen in AMP. The transition metal impurities however may come either from during handling of raw materials or by dint of the casts of glass-cullet. This will be ascertained in future by dramatis personae the glass in casts made of different materials like graphite, aluminum, and stainless steel. The studies of impurities after the casting of the glass will give idea about its origin. In addition to this, the XRF technique was found to be sensitive to 5 ppm of Pt impurities.Figure 2 a) Typical spectrum of a) LG-1 fabricated glass, and b) Barium meta-phosphate specimen (raw material)Table 1 List of the impurities present in the glass samplesSummaryWe have presented XRF analysis on different laser glasses (LG-1 to LG-6) and raw materials (AMP, BMP and KMP) used for the fabrication of such glasses. The impurities in these glasses may be entering during handling or coming from the silica crucible, or the cast for the glass-cullet. The XRF method was also found to be sensitive up to 3 ppm of platinum, as was observed in studies of LG-4 glass. In contrast, the raw materials were found to be free from transition element impurities. Further studies to improve the quality of glass are required to be undertaken.AcknowledgementWe acknowledge the contribution of Dr. R. Sen, Dr. Annapurna and other colleagues of the glass division, CGCRI Kolkata for preparation of the phosphate laser glass samples for the XRF studies.ReferencesL. L. Seaver, LLNL report (925) 423 (Oct. 2010)J. H. Campbell and T. I. Suratwala, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 318, 2638 (2000).M. Mantler and M. Schreiner, X- Ray Spectrum. 29, 3 (2000)A.S. Joshi et al, EPJ Web of Conferences 59, 08001 (2013).M. K. Tiwari, P. Gupta, A. K. Sinha, S. R. Kane, A. K. Singh, S. R. Garg, C. K. Garg, G. S. Lodha and S. K. Deb, J. Synchrotron Rad. 20, 386 (2013).V.A. Sol, E. Papillon, M. Cotte, Ph. Walter, J. Susini, Spectrochimica Acta B 62, 63 (2007)

Symbolism Of Illusion In The Glass Menagerie

Symbolism Of Illusion In The trash MenagerieIllusion is the most important word in the thematic and symbolic organisation of the play, The Glass Menagerie.Williams wastes no time in pointing out the fallacys that be important in the play. The stage directions tell us that transparent walls create the illusion of an apartment building, opus music and coloured lights suggest a dance hall across the alley. The fire hunt down that leads into and out of the Wingfields apartment only seems to provide an get away from what Williams calls the decrease and implacable fires of human desperation. Several times tom comments directly to us that America in the 1930s believed that the balls trouble were not important enough to touch about. The young populate though that transmute and adventure were possible in their lives only through hot swing music and liquor, dance halls, bars, and movies, and sex. But, in truth, the world in the 1930s was not waiting for the sunrise, according to th e popular song it was waiting for the bombardments of the Second World War.As Williams takes us inside the Wingfields apartment and the lives to his characters, he reveals more illusions and he shows how his characters use them and respond to them. To avoid the unpleasant truth of her familys present and probable future condition, toms mother, Amanda, cherishes several illusions. She believes that she still has the charm she once had as a young girl in Blue Mountain, and she treasures the memory of having received seventeen gentlemen callers one Sunday afternoon, any one of whom she could let married. She believes that her children are jump to succeed since they are just full of natural endowments. The fact is that tomcat is close t losing his job at the warehouse, has decided to become a merchandiser seaman, yet really wants to be a writer. Toms sitter, Laura, suffers from acute shyness, is lame, and seems interested only in caring for her collection of internal-combustion en gine animals and listening to old phonograph records. It is usual of Amandas desperate clinging to illusion that she believes Laura stub be happy and successful is she goes to business college and learns to type. It is almost painful for us to watch Amanda convince herself that the gentleman caller Tom has invited for supper is a remarkable young man who will be a fine suitor for Laura. She believes that if she makes Laura look pretty and attractive, if she alters one of her old dresses to wear herself, shines up the three remaining pieces of wedding silver, recovers the furniture, gets a new lamp, and if she herself plays the role of a charming, youthful Southern matron, Lauras gentleman caller will be so charm that he will become a frequent caller and will eventually marry Laura. The fact is that Him OConnor is only an average fellow, whose moments of popularity and success are fade memories of high shallow days. He seems to feel sorry for Laura as a brother might rather than enamoured of her as a suitor. What is more, Jim is engaged and when he makes his announcement, Amandas illusion is smashed.While Him OConnor temporarily becomes an illusion of Lauras salvation in Amandas mind, Jim also has illusions. He has created them in order to believe in a happy and successful future. Jim has face up the fact that he has not achieved the success everyone in high school expected of him, however he believes that he can still capture it. By taking a course in public speaking and thereby gaining social poise, he is certain that with his brains and ability he will be fitted for an executive director position. He also believes that by taking a course in radio engineering he will be able to get in on the ground floor of the television industry and go right to the top of the ladder of success. Jims buoyant self-confidence, native sincerity, and boyish insensitivity to many of the things departure on around him help him to create his illusions. The various generali zations that he proclaims about life, himself, and other people provide him with a protective apparel but the cloak whitethorn well turn out to be threadbare as time passes.Laura, shy and withdrawn as she is, also has illusions. She believes that, when she was in high school and wore a brace on her leg, everyone used to watch her when she was late for chorus practice and had to go clumping to her seat in the back row of the auditorium. In explaining her agonized self consciousness, she tells Jim that, to her, the clumping sounded like thunder. Of course, Jim never even noticed. When Laura talks to Jim about her favouite glass animal, a unicorn, she is really talking about herself. She develops her illusion by jointing that the unicorn loves the light, may feel lonesome being different from the other animals, but does not complain about it and get along nicely with the horses that do not have horns. She also says that all of her glass animals like a change of scenery to the movies or to the Jewel-box, where they raise the tropical flowers, instead of going to her classes at business college. When the unicorn waterfall from the table and loses his horn, Laura says that she will imagine that the unicorn had an operation, that the horn was removed to make the unicorn feel less freakish. Similarly, in her brief time with Jim, during which they talk, dance, and kiss, Laura apparently feels less freakish. To explain why Jim has been beyond her reach, Laura has imagined that Jim married Emily Meisenbach. When she learns that he did not, Laura hopes that Jim will call on her again or ask her for a date. Her momentary hope is destroyed, however, when Jim announces that he is going rigid with a girl named Betty and that they are in love.Although she has illusions, Laura, nevertheless, seems to have accepted what she is and what life has offered to her. She does not try to gloss over or deny the ways things are as Amanda does. She does not project a happy and successf ul future for herself, as Jim does for himself. Nor does she quarrel with the way things are, as Tom does. Like the animals in her glass menagerie, Laura remains delicate and vulnerable. In her own way she is hard, as glass is hard, and just as easily damaged if not protected, but she also possesses violator as fine glass does and an inner light of varying shades of colour.With his apparently clear view of the facts around him. Tom seems, at first, to have not illusions. He believes that by joining the Union of Mrechant Seamen he will even escape the fanciful views and pretensions that others have. As a traveler, he will experience change and adventure first-hand and so dispel what he regards as the harmful illusions about life and the world that surround him in his family and in society. At the end of the play, however, Tom admits that he has been pursued by the memory of his sisters fragile existence. His escape itself was an illusion, and he discovers that he has been more faith ful to Laura than he intended to be by continuing to remember and appreciate the fragile, the delicate, the beautiful things that Laura appreciates and comes to represent.Since the play itself and the characters are so obviously immersed in illusions, what is the truth that Tim Wingfield in his opening speech promises to reveal? What is Tennessee Williams theme in The Glass Menagerie? Illusions are deceptions, misinterpretations of the facts, and so would appear to be things to avoid, to be rid of yet at the same time it is impossible for human beings to escape them. Williams shows us clearly that the various illusions the characters have are their means of coping with the facts of their lives. However foolish and silly their illusions may seem, all of the characters would suffer, perhaps even be broken, if they did not have them. Without pretense and self-deception, Amanda would have no self-confidence or hope for the future remaining after his failure to approach the success peop le had believed he would have. Laura would wither and die because she could not identify with anything, nor see beauty, delicacy, and truth in small, fragile, even commonplace things. Tom would nor escape because he could not hope to experience change and adventure. Unquestionably, illusions are potent thingsBut Williams does not say that illusions are necessarily better or more pleasant than facts. Just as facts can produce heartache and anguish knowing the clear truth about someone or something can sometimes be unbearable illusions, too, can bring sorrow and pain. Amandas are painful to Tom. Lauras and Toms are painful to Amanda, but perhaps the saddest illusion of all in the play is the one that prompts Tom to say good-bye to Laura. She is a reminder to Tom of an illusion-filled past that impeded his growth by obscuring his view of the way things truly are. To grow and to see things clearly, he had to leave. Moreover, when he says Nowadays the world is lit by lightning, Tim mea ns that the world must be seen not in the padded, delicately flickering candle flame that is Laura but in the electric, dynamic illumination of a force beyond human influence. The force, manifest in lightning, is inexorable, and it blots out any candle flame. A glowing light, soft colour, or nostalgic sound or a shy, lame sister who appreciates such things has no place in the busy and insensitive world Tom sees around him. This belief, which is both Toms and the worlds, is, however, an illusion. That it is an illusion is shown by the very existence of the play.Tennessee Williams shows us that illusions, though hazardous, provide shelter from the hard facts of life. If we, like Tom, earnestly desire to escape the shelter and know these facts truly, we may have to give up out willingness to recognize and preserve the delicacy and beauty in life. This sacrifice may obsess us as it does Tom, but, according to Williams, the belief that we and the world must and will permanently say g ood-bye to all that Laura is and represents is itself an illusion-a sad deception.

New Meaning to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood :: Little Red Riding Hood

New import to Broumas Little deprivation Riding Hood There is more to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood than meets the eye, or perhaps that is exactly where the analysis comes into capriole because the formalistic approach of analyzing literature consists of looking at a piece of literature and stating what is obviously there. The formalistic approach does go forth the work a deeper pith than it first had, but the details are usually plain and slowly noticeable. Generally they are genuinely obvious, thus easily overlooked. The formalistic approach may be limited to pointing out the continual use of one devise, but after noticing this fact a new moment must be prepare as well. The reader is able to develop a broader understanding to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood after utilize the formalistic approach to debate deeper into the poem. The formalistic approach reveals Broumas use of repetition and choice of words give extra significance to her poem Little Red Riding Hood.The easiest sort to educate about using the formalistic approach is to first read the poem paying careful attention to repetition, breaks, and description that may not have been detect during the first reading. Using this technique on Little Red Riding Hood reveals an emphasis built in bedd on the word grey-headed. Broumas writes, I grow old, oldWithout you, Mother, landscapeOf my heart. The use of old can be read in two different ways. One approach could place more emphasis on the repetition of old, whereas the other could draw it toward old without you. Either way it is read one realizes that the author is growing old without her pay back. but reading it the first way adds about ten more years to her life because she is very old. The second way can be taken to literally mean that the author is a lot older without her mother. The description of her mother foreshadows a strict parent. It takes a lot of work to landscape a yard, and if the mother landscaped her daughters heart it took a lot of work and a lot of rules.Broumas continues the poem with a description of her mother giving birth. She uses phrases the likes of stretching it like a wishbone, scrape up strung on a bow, and tightened against the pain to reveal to the reader that labor is not easy, in fact solely the opposite because it is strenuous and very difficult.New Meaning to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood Little Red Riding HoodNew Meaning to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood There is more to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood than meets the eye, or perhaps that is exactly where the analysis comes into play because the formalistic approach of analyzing literature consists of looking at a piece of literature and stating what is obviously there. The formalistic approach does give the work a deeper meaning than it first had, but the details are usually plain and easily noticeable. Generally they are very obvious, thus easily overlooked. The formalistic approach may be limited to pointing out the cont inual use of one word, but after noticing this fact a new meaning must be found as well. The reader is able to develop a broader understanding to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood after using the formalistic approach to delve deeper into the poem. The formalistic approach reveals Broumas use of repetition and choice of words give extra significance to her poem Little Red Riding Hood.The easiest way to set about using the formalistic approach is to first read the poem paying careful attention to repetition, breaks, and description that may not have been noticed during the first reading. Using this technique on Little Red Riding Hood reveals an emphasis placed on the word old. Broumas writes, I grow old, oldWithout you, Mother, landscapeOf my heart. The use of old can be read in two different ways. One approach could place more emphasis on the repetition of old, whereas the other could draw it toward old without you. Either way it is read one realizes that the author is growing old witho ut her mother. However reading it the first way adds about ten more years to her life because she is very old. The second way can be taken to literally mean that the author is a lot older without her mother. The description of her mother foreshadows a strict parent. It takes a lot of work to landscape a yard, and if the mother landscaped her daughters heart it took a lot of work and a lot of rules.Broumas continues the poem with a description of her mother giving birth. She uses phrases like stretching it like a wishbone, skin strung on a bow, and tightened against the pain to reveal to the reader that labor is not easy, in fact just the opposite because it is strenuous and very difficult.